Ashley事件から生命倫理を考える（ミラー）

1. the victim was under 18 years of age;
2. the victim did not have the capacity (as defined by the Mental Capacity Act 2005) to reach an informed decision to commit suicide;
3. the victim had not reached a voluntary, clear, settled and informed decision to commit suicide;
4. the victim had not clearly and unequivocally communicated his or her decision to commit suicide to the suspect;
5. the victim did not seek the encouragement or assistance of the suspect personally or on his or her own initiative;
6. the suspect was not wholly motivated by compassion; for example, the suspect was motivated by the prospect that he or she or a person closely connected to him or her stood to gain in some way from the death of the victim;
7. the suspect pressured the victim to commit suicide;
8. the suspect did not take reasonable steps to ensure that any other person had not pressured the victim to commit suicide;
9. the suspect had a history of violence or abuse against the victim;
10. the victim was physically able to undertake the act that constituted the assistance him or herself;
11. the suspect was unknown to the victim and encouraged or assisted the victim to commit or attempt to commit suicide by providing specific information via, for example, a website or publication;
12. the suspect gave encouragement or assistance to more than one victim who were not known to each other;
13. the suspect was paid by the victim or those close to the victim for his or her encouragement or assistance;
14. the suspect was acting in his or her capacity as a medical doctor, nurse, other healthcare professional, a professional carer [whether for payment or not], or as a person in authority, such as a prison officer, and the victim was in his or her care;
15. the suspect was aware that the victim intended to commit suicide in a public place where it was reasonable to think that members of the public may be present;
16. the suspect was acting in his or her capacity as a person involved in the management or as an employee (whether for payment or not) of an organisation or group, a purpose of which is to provide a physical environment (whether for payment or not) in which to allow another to commit suicide.

1.the victim had reached a voluntary, clear, settled and informed decision to commit suicide;
2.the suspect was wholly motivated by compassion;
3.the actions of the suspect, although sufficient to come within the definition of the offence, were of only minor encouragement or assistance;
4.the suspect had sought to dissuade the victim from taking the course of action which resulted in his or her suicide;
5.the actions of the suspect may be characterised as reluctant encouragement or assistance in the face of a determined wish on the part of the victim to commit suicide;
6.the suspect reported the victim's suicide to the police and fully assisted them in their enquiries into the circumstances of the suicide or the attempt and his or her part in providing encouragement or assistance.

・暫定案の「ターミナルな人、不治または進行性の重症身体障害のある人」という
対象者要件が削除された。

・「自己決定能力」がMCAの規定によるものとして明確に定義された。

・医療者、介護者または刑務官など職業上の権限を持つ者が
職務上の立場で担当する者に対して行動する場合を起訴ファクターとして明示。

・一部の自殺幇助合法化アドボケイトらのネットでの教唆や情報提供や、
ボランティアでの幇助、Dignitas（名指しはされていません）の行為などを起訴ファクターとして明示。

・自殺の行為とは、犠牲者が自分の命を奪うこと。

・ひとえに他者の望みに応じることのみを目的で行うことであるとしても、他者の命を終わらせる行為は殺人または過失致死である。

・例えば、犠牲者が自殺を試みて、意識を失っただけに終わった場合に、その犠牲者の死の原因となる行為を行うとすると、たとえ当人は犠牲者の明らかな望みを実行するだけだと考えていたとても、それは殺人または過失致死である。